However, it would have been a great addition if it also included basic fiber laser theory. Rareearth doped fibre lasers and amplifiers are attractive for use in fibre optic sensor and fibre optic communication systems since they can be both compact and efficient. Rareearth doped fiber lasers and fiber amplifiers are highly attractive due to their efficiency, compactness, and, particularly, for their potential to various applications including communication systems, biomedical equipment, materials processing, lidar, and. It describes the principles, designs, and properties of the erbiumdoped fiber amplifier and its role as the cornerstone component in optical communication systems. Digonnet and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at. A discussion of the theories, operating characteristics, and current technology of main fiber laser and amplifier devices based on rareearthdoped silica and. Rare earth doped glass fober and fiber laser, osaspie, opto southeast 2000, fiber optics and optical communications technology, sept. This invaluable book provides a comprehensive treatment of design and applications of rare earth doped fiber amplifiers and fiber lasers. Active rare earth doped optical fiber rare earth doped fiber is frequently used in fiber lasers, optical amplifiers, and ase sources. Rareearthdoped fiber lasers and amplifiers, revised and expanded crc press book a discussion of the theories, operating characteristics, and current technology of main fiber laser and amplifier devices based on rareearthdoped silica and fluorozirconate fibers. Rp photonics encyclopedia rareearthdoped fibers, erbium. Giant optical gain in rareearthiondoped fiber amplifiers. A multicomponent glass fiber having a doping concentration of 55%85% wt.
We present a simple semianalytical model of thermally induced mode coupling in multimode rareearth doped fiber amplifiers. Ask rp photonics for any advice concerning the use of rareearthdoped fibers e. For the next several decades, fiber lasers were little more than a lowpower laboratory curiosity. From laser media point of view, this core is actually made of one material. Pr 2 o 3, nd 2 o 3, pm 2 o 3, sm 2 o 3, eu 2 o 3, gd 2 o 3, tb 2 o 3, dy 2 o 3, ho 2 o 3. It describes the erbiumdoped fiber amplifier and its role as foundational in optical communication systems. Due to the small transition cross sections, the saturation energy is fairly high, e. Fiber amplifier, ase, and laser simulator, professional version 3. For example, rp photonics has sophisticated modeling software for simulating the performance of rare earth doped fiber lasers and amplifiers. J is given by 2 2 43 3 64 2, 32 1 9ed md aj j s s hj. Highly doped phosphate glass fibers for fiber lasers and. There is currently a relevant interest in broadband optical amplifiers based on rare earth doped glass in order to be used for high tension telecommunication networks in the ir region from 1200. It is not as useful for those with little experience in fiber lasers. Pdf high power rareearthdoped phosphate glass fiber.
A discussion of the theories, operating characteristics, and current technology of main fiber laser and amplifier devices based on rare earth doped silica and fluorozirconate fibers. The radiative transition probability between the states. A fiber laser or fibre laser is a laser in which the active gain. It has applications as pre amplifiers, post amplifiers, and repeater amplifiers in evolving optical networks. Dutta presents students, academics, researchers, and professionals working in a variety of contexts with a comprehensive examination of the design and applications of rare earth doped fiber amplifiers and fiber lasers. A brief description of fiber lasers is included in r. Springer series in optical sciences the springer series in optical sciences, under the leadership of editorinchief william t. Thorlabs offers fibers doped with ytterbium yb for emission at. New high power rareearthdoped fiber laser materials and. The invention and development of rare earth doped optical fibers led to a.
With choice of rareearth dopant the operating wavelength of fibre lasers can be selected in the range 0. Rareearthdoped fiber lasers and amplifiers second edition, revised and expandededited bymichel j. Jan 17, 2012 semiconductor optical waveguide amplifiers have high gain per unit length dbcm, but suffer from spatial and temporal gain pattering effects. Rareearthdoped fiber lasers and amplifiers, revised and expanded by michel j. Rareearth doped fibers are doped with ions of rareearth elements to achieve high absorption and low loss in the visible and ir regions. Rareearthdoped fiber lasers and amplifiers request pdf. Ep2292566a3 doped rare earth and large effective area.
A discussion of the theories, operating characteristics, and current technology of main fiber laser and amplifier devices based on rareearthdoped silica and fluorozirconate fibers. The most important applications are in i optical amplifiers for telecommunication networks, especially erbium doped glass fiber amplifiers and ii solid state lasers. Fiber lasers and fiber amplifiers are nearly always based on glass fibers which are doped with laseractive rare earth ions normally only in the fiber core. These ions absorb pump light, typically at a shorter wavelength than the laser or amplifier wavelength except in upconversion lasers, which excites them into some metastable levels. Rareearth doped optical fibers, selected topics on optical fiber technology, moh. Valerii vartan termikirtychev fundamentals of fiber. Valery filippov and hong po on doped fibers and fiber laseramplifier specific work. Applications of nonlinear fiber optics by govind agrawal. Rare earth doped fibers are doped with ions of rare earth elements to achieve high absorption and low loss in the visible and ir regions. We present a simple semianalytical model of thermally induced mode coupling in multimode rare earth doped fiber amplifiers. For example, rp photonics has sophisticated modeling software for simulating the performance of rareearthdoped fiber lasers and amplifiers.
When doped with rare earth elements, the fiber is given optical gain that enables light amplification. Conventional fiber lasers made with silica fiber, require meters of. Rareearthdoped fiber lasers and amplifiers, revised and. We offer fiber doped with erbium, ytteerbium, and neodymium to meet many photonics applications. Radiation hardening techniques for rareearth based.
Rareearth doped singlemode fiber lasers, amplifiers and devices rareearth doped singlemode fiber lasers, amplifiers and devices it is the current widespread use of singlemode optical fiber for telecommunications and the ready availability of highpower semiconductor pump lasers which have recently stimulated interest in singlemode fiber. Rareearthdoped fibers are optical glass fibers which are doped with rare earth ions. A brief introduction of rare earth doped fibers rare earth doped fiber is an optical fiber in which ions of a rare earth element, such as neodymium, erbium or holmium, have been incorporated into the glass core matrix, yielding high absorption with low loss in the visible and nearinfrared spectral regions. Rareearthdoped fiber amplifier article about rareearth. The first rareearthdoped fiber lasers were operated in the early sixties and produced a few milliwatts at a wavelength around 1. Rare earth doped optical fibers with multisection core. Rp photonics encyclopedia fiber amplifiers, edfa, ydfa. Buy rareearthdoped fiber lasers and amplifiers, revised and expanded optical science.
The first rareearthdoped fiber lasers were demonstrated in the early 1960s,9, 10 but after these pioneering efforts by elias snitzer. There have been a large number of laserfiber optic systems below 2pm developed for clinical microsurgery at a variety of sites. Highpower fiber lasersamplifiers facilitate it even further. The paper explains the significance of rare earth re ionglass host interaction for engineering waveguide devices, which can potentially bring together short fibre or planar waveguides with a single pump source and filters together for designing a fully integrated photonic structure. Er and yb single mode sm and large mode area lma fiber is available as well as polarizationmaintaining pm yb doped fiber. It describes the principles, designs, and properties of the erbium doped fiber amplifier and its role as the cornerstone component in optical communication systems. They are typically used for amplification in fiber lasers or optical amplifiers.
Thermally induced mode coupling in rareearth doped fiber. The most important applications are in i optical amplifiers for telecommunication networks, especially erbiumdoped glass fiber amplifiers and ii solid state lasers. Additionally, an all fiber isolator using highly rare earth oxide doped fibers is disclosed. There is currently a relevant interest in broadband optical amplifiers based on rare earthdoped glass in order to be used for high tension telecommunication networks in the ir. Rareearth doped fibers are used typically as amplifiers or lasers. This new edition is fully revised including new material on visible fluoride fiber lasers, singlefrequency fiber lasers, broadband fiber sources, qswitch fiber lasers, and rareearth doped infraredtransmitting glass fibers. Selected papers on rareearthdoped fiber laser sources and.
In terms of gain saturation, fiber amplifiers are very different from semiconductor optical amplifiers soas. The femtosecond optics group, imperial college london, provides an overview and history of the development of rare earthdoped fiber lasers. Jun 02, 2011 the rare earth oxide is selected from the group comprising. Payne in fiber laser sources and amplifiers 1990 522 erbium doped fibre amplifiers with an extremely high gain coefficient of 11. Radiation effects expected for fiber laseramplifier rare earth doped optical fiber melanie ott sigma research and engineering nasa gsfc, parts, packaging and assembly technologies office march 26, 2004 1. Fiber amplifiers and fiber lasers ebook by niloy k dutta. All of this is made possible by the unique performance attributes of rare earth doped silica fibers which is at the heart of each of.
Rareearthdoped fiber lasers and amplifiers, revised. Rare earth doped fibers are doped with ions of rareearth elements to achieve high absorption and low loss in the visible and ir regions. This toolbox provides steadystate analysis of both erbiumdoped and ytterbiumdoped fiber lasers and amplifiers, allowing good design choices to be made for experiment. Radiation hardening techniques for rareearth based optical fibers and amplifiers sylvain girard a, marilena vivona b,c,d, luciano mescia e, arnaud laurent b, youcef ouerdane c, claude marcandella a, f. Gain saturation in optical fiber laser amplifiers intechopen. For experienced fiber laser scientists and engineers this is a great source of detailed facts about various fiber laser types. Dutta presents students, academics, researchers, and professionals working in a variety of contexts with a comprehensive examination of the design and applications of rareearthdoped fiber amplifiers and fiber lasers. Get your kindle here, or download a free kindle reading app. Their performance requires careful analysis of the spectroscopic properties of the rareearth ion. Various calculations and simulations are provided that give full understanding of impact of varying parameters such as. Rare earth doped ir fiber lasers for medical applications. The model predicts that power can be transferred from the fundamental mode to a higherorder mode when the operating power exceeds a certain threshold, and thus provides an explanation of recently reported mode instability in such fiber amplifiers under high averagepower. A comprehensive analysis has been implemented using the set of coupled propagation rate equations based on the atomic energy structure of dopant as well as the. Rare earthdoped fiber lasers and amplifiers springerlink.
Rare earth doped lasers and optical amplifiers request pdf. Optical amplifiers from rareearth codoped glass waveguides. It describes the erbium doped fiber amplifier and its role as foundational in optical communication systems. Their performance requires careful analysis of the spectroscopic properties of the rare earth ion. A method for amplifying an intensity of an optical packet signal using an amplifier for optical packet communication comprising a rare earth doped fiber having an active region whose diameter is between 6. This new edition is fully revised including new material on visible fluoride fiber lasers, singlefrequency fiber lasers, broadband fiber sources, qswitch fiber lasers, and rare earth doped infraredtransmitting glass fibers. The extensively revised chapters include information on fiberoptic communication systems and the ultrafast signal processing techniques that make use of nonlinear. Rareearth doped singlemode fiber lasers, amplifiers and. It has applications as preamplifiers, postamplifiers, and repeater amplifiers in evolving optical networks. Rhodes, georgia institute of technology, usa, provides an expanding selection of research monographs in all. Radiation effects expected for fiber laseramplifier rare. Conventional fiber lasers made with silica fiber, require meters of fiber length to generate powers up to 10 watts.
Payne in fiber laser sources and amplifiers 1990 522 erbiumdoped fibre amplifiers with an extremely high gain coefficient of 11. The paper explains the significance of rareearth re ionglass host interaction for engineering waveguide devices, which can potentially bring together short fibre or planar waveguides with a single pump source and filters together for designing a fully integrated photonic structure. The book presents sound coverage of the fundamentals of lightwave technology, along with material on pulse compression techniques and rareearthdoped fiber amplifiers and lasers. Rare earth doped fibers for use in fiber lasers and amplifiers. Rareearth doped fiber is frequently used in fiber lasers, optical amplifiers, and ase sources. Rare earth doped optical fibre lasers operating in the midinfrared have now established themselves as leading contenders for a range of high power applications in range finding, remote sensing. Optical amplifiers from rareearth codoped glass waveguides 283 mccumber mccumber, 1964 is a powerful tool that permits one of these two cross sections to be calculated if the other is known from measurements. Rareearth doped glass waveguides for visible, nearir and. Recently, however, fiber lasers are entering the realm of kilowatt powers in continuous as well as in pulse operation with diffractionlimited beam quality. The photonic systems group of the national research council of canada presents a page about erbiumdoped. Development of rareearth doped fiber amplifiers for broad band wavelengthdivisionmultiplexing telecommunication setsuhisa tanabe graduate school of human and environmental studies, kyoto university, sakyoku, kyoto 6068501, japan rareearthdoped novel oxide glass and glass ceramic materials for optical amplifiers were developed for wdm. Output emission may be lengthtuned in the region of 1080nm to 1100nm.
Srs threshold power for the fundamental fiber mode is. They all use rare earth doped fibers as the gain medium for the device splice between two fibers. Ask rp photonics for any advice concerning the use of rare earth doped fibers e. Such dopants are usually used for laser amplification. Fiber lasers and fiber amplifiers are nearly always based on glass fibers which are doped with laser active rare earth ions normally only in the fiber core. Several technical revolutions over the last ten years have led to the increasing use of rare earth doped fiber lasers and amplifiers as a key component of optical communication systems. The model predicts that power can be transferred from the fundamental mode to a higherorder mode when the operating power exceeds a certain threshold, and thus provides an explanation of recently reported mode instability in such fiber amplifiers.
Nd doped fiber nd doped fiber df is a singlemode sm neodymium doped laser fiber that can be used in conjunction with lowcost 780nm to 820nm laser diodes. Selected papers on rareearthdoped fiber laser sources. Valerii vartan termikirtychev fundamentals of fiber lasers. Optical fiber amplifier is an important component for optical communication systems.
Neodymium doped fiber was one of the very first rareearth doped singlemode fibers produced. Rareearthdoped fibre lasers and amplifiers eprints soton. Burst mode rare earthdoped fiber amplifier national. Fiber lasers and amplifiers design toolbox file exchange. These fiber based sources have become essential parts in a wide range of applications, including telecommunications, nonlinear microscopy, optical coherent tomography, and. Trivalent rare earth doped lasers in fluorozirconate glasses and fibers that lase between 2 and 3. Semiconductor optical waveguide amplifiers have high gain per unit length dbcm, but suffer from spatial and temporal gain pattering effects. Development of rareearth doped fiber amplifiers for broad. For its simple energylevel scheme, we choose trivalent ytterbium as an example. Described are the foundations and recent examples of highly efficient rare earth doped waveguide amplifiers and lasers. Described are the foundations and recent examples of highly efficient rareearthdoped waveguide amplifiers and lasers. The rareearth oxide is selected from the group comprising. Oct 14, 2010 rare earth doped fiber lasers and fiber amplifiers are highly attractive due to their efficiency, compactness, and, particularly, for their potential to various applications including communication systems, biomedical equipment, materials processing, lidar, and fiber optic sensing.
A comprehensive analysis has been implemented using the set of coupled propagation rate equations based on the atomic energy structure of. Jul 22, 20 this toolbox provides steadystate analysis of both erbium doped and ytterbium doped fiber lasers and amplifiers, allowing good design choices to be made for experiment. This chapter describes the determination of amplifying parameters in rareearthdoped optical fiber laser amplifiers. Loss characteristics of silica fiber and emission bands of some. Highspectralflatness midinfrared supercontinuum generated from a tmdoped fiber amplifier.
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